台湾客家史观：以义民与1895乙未抗日战争为例

【外文题名】The Historical Standpoint of the Taiwan Hakka: The Case of the Yi-Ming and the Yi-Wei War in 1895

【作者】 薛云峰

【关键词】 台湾客家史观 台湾民主国 乙未战争 客家 义民 平埔族 结构主义

【外文关键词】 historical standpoint of Taiwan Hakka the Republic of Taiwan Yi Wei War the Hakkas Yi Ming structrualism

【导师姓名】邱荣举，张维安，彭文正

【学位名称】博士

【学位年度】暂无

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】K256.4,K819

【录入时间】2014-11-17

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】的社會事實，並據此合理的提出臺灣客家史觀的論點。
本文在論述過程中，緊緊扣住臺灣史上的兩條重要脈絡，一是義民，一是平埔族的漢化；前者首創於臺灣客家庄，而後遍及全臺各地並成為清領臺灣時期維持社會秩序的重要力量，本文也特別提出義民先於民變而存在的事實。後者則是構成當前臺灣人的主要結構之一，本文以「賜姓」、「族譜」、「烝嘗」三部曲來說明平埔族的漢化，這種不可逆轉的同化過程確是歷史的悲劇與無奈，卻也為臺灣漢人注入新血與生命力，惟本文雖以臺灣客家譜牒為例，但事實上也是當前大多數臺灣漢人共同的集體記憶；從這兩條軸線的長時段觀察，正是本文據以提出「臺灣客家史觀」的基石。
本文最後以「臺灣客家史觀」重新檢視1895年乙未戰爭的始末。學者們過去多以各種「民族主義」情緒解讀這場戰爭，因之完全無法合理解釋為何戰場上爭相出現義民軍以及仕紳們冒死抗日的現象。本文則認為，偏離土地即偏離史實；惟有以本土的、長時段的觀察，方足以理解臺灣史上的各種事件與現象，職是，本文最後也暗示以多元觀點解讀臺灣史的可能，亦即，各族群、社群甚至各家族，也能利用本文的論述架構各自解讀各種史事史蹟，以摒棄任何標準化或霸權式的一元觀點。...

【外文摘要】When Japan conquered Taiwan in 1895, the Taiwanese defended their home via a collective civil arms corps known as the Yi-Ming (“righteous people”), which had originally arisen within the Taiwanese Hakka ethnic group in 1721. This war was called the Yi-Wei War, and it was the largest war that had ever occurred within Taiwanese territory.
Generally, two different historical viewpoints have existed about the Yi-Wei War – one from China and one from Taiwan. While the two viewpoints have concurred that the war began via a conflict between China and Japan in 1894, known as the Zia-Wu War, they have differed in narration. Historians holding the former viewpoint have always narrated the story within the context of Chinese nationalism, while historians holding the latter viewpoint have narrated it with the perspective of Taiwanese nationalism.
Both discourses have ignored the involvement of the Taiwanese people’s self-determination with regards to the emergence of the Republic of Taiwan, as well as the impact of the ethnic diversity within Taiwan, including the Hakka people.
This article discusses the historical viewpoint of the Taiwan Hakka using the analytical framework of Fernand Braudel. Only by understanding the history and perspective of the Yi-Ming can we understand the truth behind the Yi-Wei War....