国家意识与地域社会建构：以清代台湾“六堆”为例

【外文题名】The Construction of a Regional Society:the Changing meanings of “Liudui” in Qing Documents

【作者】 陈丽华

【关键词】 六堆 粤人 义民 客家 地域联盟 历史记忆

【外文关键词】 “Liudui” “Loyal People” “Yueren” Hakka

【导师姓名】程美宝

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】2004

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】B842.3

【录入时间】2004-01-01

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】”组成的军事团练组织的称呼。早在康熙末，居于此地的客语群体，就因协助官军有功，部分被授予“义民”封号。乾隆末的林爽文事变中，下淡水“粤人”类似的团体，便被称为“六堆”。此后每逢变乱，“粤人”便组建军事组织，藉“义民”之名，以捕“贼”为由焚抢闽庄。“六堆”及其相关的“义民”形象被描述与记载的历史，展现了在移民社会背景下，国家意识形态如何透过“义民”符号渗入地方社会，下淡水地方的“粤人”，如何利用这一符号，进行地域权力的争夺。在这一充满矛盾的动态的过程中，咸丰年间，“六堆”由“粤人”组成的临时性军事组织，逐渐走向常规化；同治光绪年间，“六堆”成为常规的村际联盟的称呼，并与该地方久已存在的天后宫、大成祀典等多重的地方联盟关系交织在一起，形成一种稳定的跨村际联盟；同时，以“义民”为身份认同的六堆组织，也发展出前、后、左、中、右、先锋堆的观念，并为地方社会多种地域联盟方式借用。在此基础上，通过分析“客人”、“粤人”等指称背后的观念演变，本文也试图揭示当代学者如何用现代学术概念“客家”重叙历史，历史资源如何被巧妙地重新组合、放置进新的知识序列。...

【外文摘要】　 In this study of Liudui, I try to depict the recorded history of Liudui in the Qing period, to show how regional identity was formed and changed in the context of migrant society. Liudui nowadays refers to the long and narrow region located within the Pingdong and Gaoxiong Counties, which includes left heap, right heap, back heap, frontal heap, midst heap and vanguard heap. The main vernacular in this region is Hakka. In the textual material, however, the word “kejia” did not emerge until 1791 when the Rebellion of Lin Shuangwen was suppressed, in the context of provisional martial associations set up by “Yueren” in Fengshan County. However, as early as Kangxi period, the local people had been awarded the titles of “the loyal people” (yimin) by officials. Hence, “Liudui” appeared as a unity as often as massive rebellions broke out in vicinity. In the period of Japanese rule, Japan’s rule, the term “Liudui” had been changed into a regional appellation of the people in this region, and now, the symbol of Hakka ethnity.I am concerned with the complex relationship between the Qing Empire and the regional society expressed through the award of the title of “loyal people”, and how the meanings of official symbols reflect the needs and reality of regional society. Furthermore, I want to examine important conceptual changes occurred from the seventeenth century to the present, to explore how cultural recreations contributed to construction of ethnic identity which arose out of the integration of regional society into state building. I would like to show how historical memories reflected the classification and identity of different peoples at different times, and how they might reshape the ethnic meanings of these terms....