清代台湾客家族群性格重塑的研究

【外文题名】The study of the reshaping of the Character of Taiwan’ Hakkas in the Qing dynasty

【作者】 汤韵旋

【关键词】 清代 台湾客家 族群性格 重塑

【外文关键词】 the Qing dynasty Taiwan's Hakkas ethnic character reshaping

【导师姓名】林仁川

【学位名称】博士

【学位年度】2008

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】C913.11

【录入时间】2008-01-01

【全文挂接】 万方挂接 读秀挂接

【摘要】选择清代这个时段，聚焦台湾客家（作为研究场域），定格客家性格这一范畴，就清代台湾客家族群性格的重塑做全面的、深层次的、动态的宏观探讨，在继承与变异之中廓清清代台湾客家的心理变迁。本论文以大陆客家原乡为文化背景，以台湾客家移民史为依托，结合清代台湾的时空背景与台湾族群关系等情况深入分析清代台湾客家族群性格重塑的缘由。探析过程中尽可能回归到历史的复杂性上来，以免简单化。同时重点突出清代台湾客家性格重塑的三个特点即勤于“拓”（选择偏僻山地丘陵，开辟家园，繁衍生息），勇于“斗”（闽客械斗、客番械斗），效以“忠”（忠于清廷，稳定社会，封建的爱国意识）；通过“拓”，客家人如何重塑了勤劳、坚韧的性格，通过“斗”如何重塑了“勇敢”、“团结”的性格，通过“忠”于朝廷和充当“义民”如何重塑了客家人“忠义”的性格。特别是清朝末年的“抗日护台”斗争使客家人的“勇敢”和“忠义”性格得到了质的升华。另外还论述了其他因素对清代客家人性格重塑的影响。论文的一个现实意义在于透过台湾客家与大陆客家的渊源关系，说明台湾客家与大陆客家完全是一家，其族群性格只是“大同”“小异”，并无本质差别。清代台湾客家族群一样承继了原乡客家人所具有的爱国爱乡的优良品质。因此当下台湾客家运动也应自觉维护祖国统一事业，特别是在目前“台独”势力十分猖獗的情况下，台湾客家人更要继承和发扬先人的爱国传统，认同客家、认同民族、认同国家，反对台独，为推进祖国统一和民族复兴的伟大事业作出新的贡献。...

【外文摘要】The Hakkas are the earliest Han immigrants in Taiwan, whose contributions to history, has, however, been neglected to some extent. In recent years, a surge has been witnessed in the study of the ethnic group awareness of Taiwan’s Hakkas. By means of ethno-psychology this dissertation aims at exploring the reshaping of the ethnic character of Taiwan’s Hakkas in the era of immigrant land cultivation of the Qing Dynasty. The analysis is comprehensive, deep-level and focus-oriented with regards to the psychological transformations of this ethnic group in the Qing Dynasty, which are a combination of variations and inheritance. Set against the backgrounds of the Hakkas on the mainland of China and the social circumstances and ethnic group relations of the then Taiwan, the writer probes into the immigration history of Taiwan’s Hakkas and the causes for the psychological reshaping of Taiwan’s Hakkas in the Qing Dynasty. The writer understands that history is complex, and hence his analysis attempts to highlight some features of this ethnic group’s psychology at that time, namely, cultivation-brave (i.e. cultivation in hilly and remote areas for livelihood), fight-brave (i.e. fights with the people of Fujian origin and aborigines), and loyalty-based (i.e. loyal to the Qing Dynasty’s ruling, social stability and country). The cultivation-bravery contributed to the formation of the Hakkas’ diligence and persistence; the fight-bravery made them brave and united; their loyalty to the central government’s ruling encouraged them to fight against the invasion of the Japanese and resulted in their patriotism. The dissertation gives an account of the relations between the Hakkas on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, revealing the fact that they may differ somehow yet show similarities in nature. Taiwan’s Hakkas of the Qing Dynasty displayed their top qualities such as patriotism. Thus, the current study demonstrates the recognition of the active role that Taiwan’s Hakkas, who have inherited their ancestors’ virtues, are bound to play in fighting against the independence of Taiwan and contributing to the reunion of the Chinese people....