社区营造视角下的梅州客家古村落保护与更新策略研究

【外文题名】A Study on the Protection and Renewal Strategies of Historical and Cultural Village in Meizhou Hakka Area under the Angle of Community Development

【作者】 黄璐

【关键词】 社区营造 梅州 客家古村落 保护与更新

【外文关键词】 Community construction Meizhou Hakka villages protection andrenewal

【导师姓名】肖大威

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】2012

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】TU984.114

【录入时间】2012-01-01

【全文挂接】 知网挂接 读秀挂接

【摘要】村落空心化、旅游商业化、本土文化遗失等规划失效的现象。因此，本文借鉴了日本造町运动及台湾社区营造的成功经验，提出梅州客家古村落的相关营造策略，试图通过认同感的加强及利益的诱导，促进村民主动参与地方公共事务，全面复兴文化、产业、经济，再现社区往日活力，进而达到保护与更新的目的。本论文的研究框架，主要分为以下四个方面的内容：（1）相关研究背景：研究国内外古村落相关保护理论，总结保护经验并分析其存在的弊端，再通过社区营造理论的阐述、成功及失败案例介绍，从中借鉴出对本文有启示的思路与方法。（2）保护现状评析：从梅州客家古村落现状分析可知对客家古村落已初具社区营造的前提条件：客家人宗族观念逐渐转化为社区意识且存在自发保护行为。但是由于缺乏有效的保护与更新措施，梅州客家古村落也面临商业开发无序，文化肌理破坏，机械模仿，地域特色缺失、空心化，传统手工艺失传等现实困境。（3）营造策略提出：为了解决前文总结的现实困境，笔者运用社区营造理论，从还原与诠释、动力与制度、更新与经营三方面入手构建梅州客家古村落的营造策略，理清客家古村落的历史要素，重新认识其文化价值；通过恢复宗族功能，重构社区网络及构建合理的社区参与机制，提高社区参与的主动性与积极性；最后藉由多元经营和地方学习机制的建构，提升社区活力，实现可持续发展。（4）实际案例运用：最后通过大量的问卷调查及访谈，分析侨乡村社区结构类型，村民社区意识和宗族观念以及社会资本的运用现状，同时运用相关营造策略，有效地引导侨乡村民参与社区公共事务，达到侨乡村保护与更新的目的。...

【外文摘要】Meizhou， Capital of Hakka in the World， is rich in Hakka ancient villages. Thevillages，which have extremely high study value， are famous for fine natural scenery，unique architectural modeling as well as profound historical details. They not only carryHakka historical memory， but also an important part of Hakka culture. At the same time，the conservation process of ancient villages in our country is government “top-down”hegemonic planning， which lead to invalid planning phenomenon by means of villagehollow， tourism commercialization and native cultural loss， etc.Therefore， based on successful experience of Japan city-making movement and Taiwancommunity construction， this paper proposes to construction strategies of Hakka villages.Through enhancing sense of identity and benefit of induction， these strategies can promotevillagers to take part in local public affairs； revive culture， industry and economy；reproduce former community vigour； and then meet the goal of conservation and renewal.Research framework listed as four aspects:(1)Related background: Research on domestic and foreign Protection theor， ies， makeconclusions on conservation experience and analyze their disadvantages， set forthcommunity construction theory，introduce successful cases，finally get enlightened thinkingand method for the paper.（2）Protection status analyses: The status analyses of Hakka villages indicate that Hakkavillages have precondition of community construction: Hakka’ ancestral idea graduallytransforms into community sense and exists self-protection act. However， due to inefficientprotection and the lack of updated measures， Hakka villages are faced with realistic dilemmaby ways of over commercialization development， culture destruction， mechanical imitation，region features loss and hollow， and traditional handcraft be lost， etc.（3）Presentation of construction strategies: To solve the above realistic dilemma， theauthor applies community construction theories to make clear of historic elements of Hakkavillages， revalue the culture of Hakka villages， and structure construction strategies ofHakka villages from three aspects: recovery and interpretation， motivation and system，renovation and management. By means of recovering clan function， restructuring community network and constructing proper community participating system， we canimprove the initiative and enthusiasm of community. Finally， based on the construction ofmultiple operating and local learning mechanisms we will promote community vitality andachieve lasting development.(4) Application of cases: This paper uses a large number of questionnaire surveys andinterviews for analyzing the structure types of Overseas Chinese villages community，villagers’ community consciousness， ancestral idea and status of social capital application；in addition to apply proper construction strategies for efficiently guiding Overseas Chinesevillages participate community public affairs， and then meet the goal of protection andrenewal....