太平天国妇女地位之研究

【外文题名】The Research of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Status of Women

【作者】 陈幼华

【关键词】 太平天国 妇女地位 妇女政策

【外文关键词】 Taiping Heavenly Kingdom woman policy status of

【导师姓名】王成勉

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】2010

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】D0

【录入时间】2010-01-01

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】英國婦女地位做分析比較，期能對太平天國婦女地位有公正客觀的評價。第一部分是太平天國前期婦女生活背景，先就太平天國與客家婦女的淵源，闡明造就客家婦女精神風貌的歷史與自然環境因素，並說明能成為太平軍基礎成員之因。再闡述拜上帝教的創立與發展的經過，分析教義中的婦女思想，論證在此思想基礎下的婦女政策沒有男女平等意識。最後說明起事初期太平軍中「女營」的編制由來與組織規模、女軍職責與地位。第二部分是太平天國中後期不同群體婦女地位探討，主要就廣西客家婦女、江南婦女與被納入後宮的王公貴婦，分析不同階層的婦女生活與地位。先探討1853年定都天京後，參加生產勞動以及「放足」令，對編入女館的江南婦女身心造成的影響與地位的變化。再闡述定都天京後的客家婦女除了打仗，也多了參政的機會，更有自由的社會生活。最後論證洪秀全對待後宮嬪妃的專制苛刻及太平天國諸王的淫靡使王公貴婦喪失人格與尊嚴；官員妻妾則需承受社會壓力。第三部分是太平天國婦女地位與英國的比較，主要探討19世紀英國婦女與太平天國婦女地位的發展與差異。先介紹英國女權運動興起背景，再探究英國女權運動的思想基礎。其次就家庭法律地位的比較，分析英國婦女與太平天國婦女在婚姻、財產權、監護權的異同性。最後就社會地位的比較，探討英國婦女與太平天國婦女在教育權、就業權與工資、參政與選舉權以上權利取得的過程與差異。...

【外文摘要】The Chinese women were regarded uselessness in the viewpoint of themselves, non talent in the viewpoint of their parents, inability in the viewpoint of their husbands and ignorance under the patriarchal domination of the Chinese society. However, the woman policy disclosed the gender equality in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The women presenting free independent style in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom were huge different between the women with weak image in late-Qing period. The purpose of the article was to examine the living situation and status change of a series of woman policies in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, compared with the status of British women and made a fair objective appraisal to the women of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.The first part was the women s life background of earlier Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. At first, the research was to explore the origin of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Hakka s women and illustrated the factors of history and natural environment which made the spirit of Hakka s women, moreover, the reasons of founding Taiping Rebellion. And then elaborated the creation and development of God worshipping and analyzed the women s thought in the religious doctrines which proved that there was no sexual equality in the woman policy. At last, the research revealed the origins, organizations, duties and statuses of female camp in earlier Taiping Rebellion.The second part was to discuss the status of woman and living styles of different communities at middle-to-late in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, especially for Hakka s women in Guangxi, the women in the southern of Yangtze River and the nobiliary women who integrated into the harem. At first, the research indicated the influence of physically and mentally and variations in status on the women in the southern shore of Yangtze River who participated in the labor work and obeyed the law of free the feet after Hong Xiuchan established the capital in Tianjing in1853. And then, elaborated Hakka s women got the chances to fight and participate in government, and furthermore they had the freedom of social life. The aforementioned further indicate that Hong Xiuchan was autocratic and harsh to the harem and reserved kings in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom who lived in luxury and sensuality resulted in nobiliary women lost their personality and dignity. However, the ministers wives bore more social pressure.The third part was the comparison status of women in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom with British women. This part was mainly aimed to present the women status of development and the difference between Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Britain in 19 century. At first, the research introduced the development and background of the women s movement, and thinking bases of women s movement in Britain. Then, it was a comparison of family legal status, and analyzed the similarities and differences in marriage, the property right and wardship between the women in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Britain. At last, it was a comparison of social status, and discussed on the processes and differences of education rights, working rights, wages, political participation rights and voting rights between the women in Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and Britain....