花莲地区客语阿美语接触研究

【外文题名】Hakka and Amis language contact in Hualien

【作者】 廖致苡

【关键词】 语言态度 南岛语 阿美语 客家语 语言接触 共通语

【外文关键词】 Austronesian language language attitude Lingua Francas Amis language Hakka language language contact

【导师姓名】罗肇锦

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】2009

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】暂无

【录入时间】2009-01-01

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】入聲韻尾變異，有/-p/、/-t/、/-k/混淆或韻尾增減現象；第三，阿美客家語吸收了當地客語環境的特色，四縣腔海陸腔合併使用。「客家阿美語」由於無法掌握阿美語特殊的輔音，因此以客語慣用的輔音取代，如/l/取代舌尖閃音/?/，字尾的咽喉塞音/?/則直接省略，另有自創的字尾/l/，似國語語尾助詞/-了/、/-啦/。詞彙方面在客語中發現兩個阿美語詞彙已被當地客家人廣為使用，其中阿美語[tam?au]在客語有四縣、海陸兩腔調的對應，字義由「人類」引申為「朋友」；而阿美語中尚未有明確的客語詞彙存在，在第四章僅以相似詞推測可能為客語的依據。第五章語言態度說明客語和阿美語接觸後，相互影響不大的結果，在於共通語的阻斷和兩族群社會地位所至，發音人的語言環境改變、使用對象等，皆是影響語言態度的因素，而語言態度正是客語和阿美語接觸後，滲入深與淺的主要條件。如今花蓮地區通行國語和閩南語，客語及阿美語都面臨語言危機，母語的保存艱辛何況是外語，因此花蓮地區語言接觸的現象漸趨式微，本研究將「阿美客家語」及「客家阿美語」完整分析紀錄，作為往後考證語言接觸的重要記載。...

【外文摘要】In Hualien, it has been a long time since Hakka and Amis people live together and intermarriage with each other. Part of the Hakka can speak the language of Amis, and vice versa, so that we have interest in exploring the contact between both language. In this research, we termed Amis language spoken by Hakka people Hakka-Amis , and Amis-Hakka , Hakka spoken by Amis.Phonologically, Amis-Hakka has three main distinct variation: First, due to the feature that there is no aspirate in Austronesian languages, (Amis is one of which), Amis adjust /ts /, /p /, /t /, /k / to be /ts/, /p/, /t/, /k/ when they speak Hakka. Second, mixed usage of the ending in Amis-Hakka , /-p/ /-t/ /-k/ confusion for example. Third, Amis-Hakka in a sense combines two Hakka sub-dialects: Sisien and Hailu. On the other hand, Hakka-Amis has substitutions for the special consonants in Amis: /l/ for the flap /?/ and /l?(which sounds like le or la in Mandarin Chinese) for/-?/.As to lexicon, there are two Amis words in Hualien Hakka language as we examined. Amis [tam?au], which indicates human is used both in Sisen and Hailu, and the meaning is extended to friends . In Amis, no explicit loan word is discovered in this research, only that there are some potential loan words similar in sounds to Hakka.In fact, according to the result of our research, Hakka and Amis have no strong influence on each other, and language attitude in Chapter 5 explains why. Lingua Franca and the social status of both peoples are two factors that forms different language attitude which results in little influence between the two languages.Authoritative Mandarin Chinese and Min dialect (so-called Taiwanese ) become much more popular in Hualien; on the contrast, languages of Hakka and Amis are nearly endangered. Hakka and Amis have a hard time protecting their mother language, not to say Amis-Hakka and Hakka-Amis , which are second language separately to Amis and Hakka. Consequently, seldom phenomenon of language contact is seen. Nevertheless, this research aims to provide a complete record of Amis-Hakka and Hakka-Amis , expecting to be an important document showing the evidence of language contact in Hualien....