社區聯盟協力參與社區總體營造可行性之研究

【外文题名】the feasibility of community overall construction that is carried out by a community union.

【作者】 郭添貴

【关键词】 社區總體營造 社區聯盟

【外文关键词】 community empowerment community overall

【导师姓名】暂无

【学位名称】暂无

【学位年度】2005

【学位授予单位】暂无

【所属分类】暂无

【录入时间】2005-01-01

【全文挂接】 读秀挂接

【摘要】尤其多族群社區聯盟在社區總體營造中所扮演的角色，以及政府協助社區推展社區聯盟的策略等議題，我國學界鮮有著論。鑑此，為促使社區進行資源永續發展與地方聯盟營造的目標，使社區聯盟營造作為推動地方發展之要徑，本研究針對聯盟各社區相互協助發展營造的可行模式進行研究，以提供具體建議，解決我國各社區資源永續發展的困境。研究運用文獻探討、深度訪談及參與觀察等方式，以屏東縣林邊溪右岸之林仔邊、建功、獅頭及喜樂發發吾等四個社區之營造行動者及外部支援者分別進行深度訪談與參與觀察，另探討分別屬閩南、客家、平埔及排灣族群之四個聯盟社區間之族群融合問題，以及社區對台灣主要河川之一的林邊溪流域之水資源保育、堤岸綠美化、及集水區之水源涵養之努力，並藉由德國鄉村社區營造成功經驗介紹，試著尋找台灣社區聯盟協力參與社區總體營運之可行性。在現有文獻與研究基礎下，本研究期能針對屏東縣林邊溪右岸社區聯盟推展資源永續發展之實況進行深入的探討，並藉此了解屏東縣社區總體營造的起步相當晚，但卻相當有特色，而且至今仍蔚為風潮。基此，本研究對右岸社區聯盟協力參與社區營造可行性之探討，整理歸納為下列三項研究發現：其一，在組織上：右岸社區聯盟的組織架構中，屏東縣社區營造中心扮演著承上啟下的角色；而藍色東港溪保育協會則以輔導各社區撰寫計畫及提供社區營造之相關技巧為主軸；至於林邊自然文史保育協會，因為具有較豐富的社區營造經驗，故扮演著兵領導執行的角色；參與聯盟之社區均有充分的自主權，其特色是四社區均以「自力打造」為模式，易言之係以「點工購料」方式及居民參與式設計為營造態樣。其二，在資源上：林邊溪右岸聯盟的四個社區的資源係以族群特色、生態自然與協力互助為精神象徵所組成的，首先是1999年林邊與建功社區，各自進行了河堤綠美化與保安林湧泉區社區總體營造的行動；到了2000年底，上游平埔聚落的獅頭社區也動起來了，配合當地多石的特色，將河堤打造為「獅頭石頭公園」。隔年，上游排灣部落的喜樂發發吾社區也以石板自力打造了有族群特色的聚會空間。就這樣，各族群、各社區在體察各類「在地實作知識」的基礎下，進行生態保育、文史保存、在地民主等等的「外來論述知識」。其三，在人力上：研究發現地方政府執行社造之人力不足；多數社區專業人力的協助不足；及居民參與人力不足等瓶頸。本研究建議行動策略包括：彈性調整公務人力的供需；建立社區營造專業人才資料庫；以社區營造替代役男彌補社區人力不足問題；及增加專業人力減輕負荷等。本研究亦發現，近兩年來右岸聯盟四個社區的行動經驗，顯示社區結盟的條件尚未成熟。首先是，各社區都還未成熟到人才充裕的階段，為了結盟行動，各社區等於在各自的日常業務中還要再加上社區間相互協調的會議與分工，許多事務因而議而不決或決而不行。其次，四個社造社區各有其不相同的社造程度與社區動員狀態，而各社區除了族群特色差異之外，更牽涉到工商發展程度、老中青人口結構等差異，因而所面對的主要問題也各不相同。基此，要如何形成互助互利的共同計畫？要如何進行資源分配與勞務分工？當四個社區進行短暫的議題性結盟時，要如何形成與公部門對口的新體制？比如經費的申請與核銷就是可見的難題。故整體而言，屏東社造社區的結盟，可能還剛在試誤學習的階段。...

【外文摘要】This study s goal is to understand the feasibility of community overall construction that is carried out by a community union. Four villages on the right bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung were used as study subjects. It analyzes patterns of developing bottlenecks, action strategies and future projects that are developed by a country community union gathered from various clans, so as to provide references for relevant governmental units in order to promote community construction and establish related laws and rules.Few domestic literatures addresses on the integration between community union and community construction, in particular, the role of community union in community construction and governmental strategies for the promotion and assistance of the formation of community union. Thus, in order to achieve the objectives of sustainable development of resources and the construction of local union for the local empowerment through the key role of community union, this research conducts studies on the feasible models of supportive construction and development of local community unions and concludes with concrete suggestion to offer possible solution to the difficulties of sustainable development of community resources.The study uses Literature Review, In-Depth Interviews and Participant Observation. The constructer/actor and exterior supporter of the four villages in Lintzibian, Jiangong, Shitou and Silerfafawu on the right bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung were used as subjects. Furthermore, problem regarding clan integration in four community unions (South China Chinese, Hakka, Pingpu and Paywan) concerning water resources protection, bank beauty and water collection problem areas were researched. Successful foreign experiences from Germany regarding country community construction were introduced. The study attempts to determine the feasibility of community construction that is carried out by the community union.Based on literature review and current studies, this research aims to use the villages on the Right Bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung as the study subjects to conduct in-depth analysis on the actual sustainable development of resource promoted by Community Union of Right Bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung, where has be developed in the recent years, but still maintains its unique features. Three results have been found on the feasibility study of the participation of Community Union of Right Bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung in community construction:First, in terms of organizational structure of Community Union of Right Bank of Linbian Stream, Pingtung, Pintung Community Construction Center plays a communicative role; Blue Tungkang River Conservation helps and advises each community to prepare planning and develop relevant construction skills; Linbian Nature and Cultural Conservation acts as the executive due to its rich experience of community construction. All participating communities have their own right and work with the model of self construction, self purchasing material and labor and public participation in community design.Second, for the use of resources: Resources are composed of the symbols of ethnic characteristics, nature environment and supportive function. In 1999, Linbian and Chienkung communities began the construction projects of bank beatification and Baoanlin Yungchiuan Community and by the end of 2000, upstream Shitou of Pinbu gathering also made use of local rocks to build the unique Shitou Stone Park. The next year, Silerfafawu of upstream Paiwan tribe built their own gathering space with stone. Consequently, each ethnic group and community express their interpretation of externally learnt theory and knowledge for environmental conservation, culture preservation, and local democratization based on local hands-on experience. Third, in the regards of human resources: The study has found theweakness of insufficient human resources provided by governmental agencies, local talent...